This is a series of hints and how to articles that will be published as time permits.

 

·        PROTECT YOUR PC FROM THE INTERNET

·        HOW TO BUY A COMPUTER

·        VERSIONS OF MICROSOFT WINDOWS

·        INSTALLING MICROSOFT WINDOWS

 

 

 

 

PROTECT YOUR PC

FROM THE INTERNET

 

There are 4 things you should do to protect your PC from the hazards of the Internet.

 

Keep Windows up to date - There are updates available on the internet for free from Microsoft.  Most people have a link to the place on Internet Explorer under “Tools”.  Click on “Windows Update”.  You may my also find a link to ‘Windows Update” from your start menu under settings.

 

Install an Anti-Virus program - This will only work if the program is always running in the background.  You can scan your PC for free at http://trendmicro.com. This only tells you there is already a virus on your hard drive and my even be able to clean it off for you.  However this is not the total solution because you can get a virus anytime your on the internet not just from Email attachments. 

 

Run a firewall program - Windows XP has one for free.  Turn this on in Control Panel  -  Network Connections.  Then right click on your connection to the Internet.  Click on Properties then Advanced and you will see it.

 

Don’t open Email attachments - This is true even if you know who it’s from since they may have a virus that was sent to everyone in their address book.  If you see the message in a preview your usually safe but if you open the attachment then your at risk.

 

 

HOW TO BUY A COMPUTER

 

There are 5 basic things you should ask the person selling you a desktop, tower or laptop computer.  Ranges are provided so you know if it’s really old, slightly used or new.  Some computers may have more than the highest value you see here but that is always a good thing.

 

The speed of the CPU - Hertz

300 MHz is slow   1.2 GHz is better   2.8 GHz is fast

1 GHz = 1,000 MHz so 1.2 GHz is the same as 1200 MHz

Ask if the CPU is a P2, Celeron, P3 or P4

P2 is the oldest and P4 is the newest.  The Celeron is cheaper

but not really good for the more powerful programs. However, if all

 you want is the internet and email Celeron will be enough power.

 

The amount of memory (RAM) - Megabytes

64MB is slow   128MB is better   256MB is fast (if you have Windows 98)

Windows XP needs twice that much RAM

The faster the CPU the less RAM you need. 

RAM and CPU are what determine your speed.  It’s easy to

add RAM after you buy and that will make a slow CPU much faster.

 

The video memory (VRAM) - Megabytes

8 MB is low   32 MB is enough   128 MB is a lot

VRAM makes 3D games look better.

Sometimes RAM is used to make VRAM

 

The size of the hard drive - Gigabytes

4 GB is small   20 GB is enough   80 GB is a lot

This amount does not help your speed but allows you to have

more files and programs on your PC.

 

The monitor - Inches

14” is small   17” is better   19” is big

Also consider flat LCD panels for about $100 to $300 more

 

These 5 things are not all there is to consider but if you start here you will know enough to judge if it’s worth the cost or not.

 

 

 

VERSIONS OF

MICROSOFT WINDOWS

 

Here are several versions of Windows.  Most versions have sub-versions (such as XP Home or XP Professional).  The following list is in reverse order by release date.

 

Windows Vista - The newest version (Feb. 2007) from Microsoft.  There are 4 versions of this one and you should not get the Basic.  Premium is recommended.  So new that there are still problems with this one.  You really need about 1GB of memory.

 

Windows XP - The 2002 version from Microsoft.  Also based on NT which means that some older programs and games will not work.  XP also doesn’t work well on older PCs that don’t have enough RAM and CPU speed.  It is not recommended that you upgrade a PC to XP if it was purchased with an older version of Windows.  Some XP PCs are currently sold with only 256 MB but 512 MB is not too much.

 

Windows 2000 - Another new technology version.  This is only common in offices.  Not intended for gamers.  Needs a little more power than Windows 98.

 

Windows Me - Mostly the same as Windows 98 but some enhancements.  Works fast with 128 MB RAM and a P2 CPU.  Considered to have several bugs that make Windows 98 the preferred version for older PCs.

 

Windows 98 - Many improvements over 95 but needs a little newer PC.  128 MB RAM is plenty for 98 and it plays most games.  If you add a network card and high speed internet you will be surfing the web as fast as anyone with a newer PC can.  Soon to be taken of the list for support from Microsoft.

 

Windows NT - New Technology was intended for offices and also works on older PCs.  This version added more security for networks.  Game play on this version is limited due to improved design that reduces crashes. 

 

Windows 95 - Works with much less then a P2 CPU and 64 MB RAM.  This version still works for many people but due to its age it’s no longer supported by Microsoft.  A slow PC with a new modem will surf the internet just fine but it will be slow.  No USB in most cases which means you can’t add new accessories like printers and cameras.  Most newer software and PC accessories will not work with Windows 95.

 

 

 

 

 

INSTALLING

MICROSOFT WINDOWS

 

When installing Windows it’s always best to completely remove what is on the hard drive.  That is called format but when you do that you lose all your files and settings.  It is not hard to make backups if you have a CD burner.  That would allow you to keep your personal files in case you have to use the Restore CD to make your PC like new again.  This is the most common solution to most problems such as viruses and malicious programs. 

 

If all you have is a Windows CD you will not be able to restore your PC because you will not have the drivers.  Drivers are needed for things like the sound, modem and video card.  If you have XP the drivers for most common devices are already on the Windows CD. 

 

After that all you need to do is setup the internet.  Some are as easy as entering a phone number, username and password.  Others require a CD or setup file like NetZero, Earthlink, AOL and MSN.  If you have internet from your cable TV company and a network (Ethernet) card the internet is very simple and will usually work without doing any setup.  DSL may require a CD depending on which modem you have.